The Surprising God

Our exploration of Trinitarian theology brings us to the important subject of Trinitarian ethics, asking, How then shall we live? In answering, we begin not by asking What? or Why? or How? but Who ? Specifically, Who is Jesus? What does this question have to do with ethics? The answer is, everything! Jesus, the incarnate Son of God, is  true humanity - the person who, alone, fully and perfectly expresses what it means to be human. And thus we look to him for our identity and for the definitive word concerning how we are to live (our ethics). As we do, we don't ask merely,  What would Jesus do?  but,  What is Jesus now doing? - recognizing that Jesus, who is still human (now glorified), is alive and ministering actively through the Holy Spirit in our world. So what is Jesus now doing? The answer is this: He does what he is, namely love.  This is not just any kind of love, but Love of the God-kind as it is being expressed through the glorified human...

This post concludes the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 . McCall notes that God created humanity "to know and experience the holy love of the triune life" (p143). He emphasizes this vital truth by quoting C.S. Lewis who addresses this issue in a comment on the importance of the doctrine of the Trinity: It matters more than anything else in the world. The whole dance, or drama, or three-Personal life is to be played out in each one of us: or (putting it the other way round) each one of us has got to enter that pattern, take his place in that dance. There is no other way to the happiness for which we were made.... If you want joy, power, peace, eternal life, you must get close to, or even into, the thing that has them. They are not the sort of prizes which God could, if he chose, just hand out to anyone. They are a great f...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  8 . In the last two posts we looked at divine impassibility and divine simplicity . This time we look at McCall's conclusions related to these attributes, noting views to be avoided and to be affirmed. The bottom line is this: God is for us!  Views to be avoided McCall first cautions us not to downplay or deny the reality of God's wrath: The temptation to downplay the wrath of God is understandable. The societal and cultural pressures to quietly ignore the biblical teaching are strong. The understanding that "God is love"--combined with the conviction that love and wrath are incompatible--is prevalent. But we should resist such temptations and avoid such conclusions. Too much is too clear from Scripture, and too much is...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by   Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  7 ,  8 . Last time we looked at the doctrine of divine impassibility . This time we look at the doctrine of divine simplicity . Regarding this doctrine, McCall notes this: While it is appropriate to refer to the various divine attributes, and while it is fine to predicate different perfections of God, the doctrine of divine simplicity reminds us that such talk should not mislead us into thinking that God is literally made up of or composed out of various attributes or divine parts.... God, as ultimate Spirit is not a compounded or composite being (p75). Why does this matter? For many reasons, but chiefly because this doctrine reassures us that God's being is never divided and thus his divine attributes are never in conflict on...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 . An accurate discussion concerning God's love and wrath must account for the full doctrine of God, which includes the topics of  divine impassibility  and  divine simplicity.  In this post we'll look at what McCall has to say about the first. Does God suffer with those who suffer, or is he the "Unmoved Mover"? According to McCall, some misunderstand divine impassibility to mean that God, by definition, is without emotions ("affections"). From this perspective, God is seen to be "cold and detached, the 'Unmoved Mover'" (p64). Understandably, many modern Christians reject this viewpoint, instead embracing a "revisionist viewpoint," which states that... God is "relational" and "dynamic"... a God who is...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 . We'll now look at McCall's discussion of God's wrath in which he asks the question, "Did the death of Jesus make it possible for God to love us?" (p49). His answer is no, because the question presupposes the mistaken belief that God did not love us before Jesus died for us on the cross. The fact of the matter, revealed to us by Jesus, is that God has always loved us. And it was out of love and for love that God the Father sent his Son to become one of us, and as our representative to die and rise for us in order that we might enjoy full fellowship with God forever. God's wrath But what about the many scriptures that speak of God's wrath toward sinners? How do we reconcile God's wrath with his love? Does God have a "dar...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  2 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 . Last time  we looked at two arguments that McCall uses to defend the view that God the Father did NOT  abandon his Son at the cross. Now we'll look at his third argument, which has to do with understanding that Jesus' cry of abandonment ( My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? ) should be understood as referring to the full message of Psalm 22, not just the one sentence. In support of this view, McCall cites Matthew's and Mark's accounts. Clearly, both intend that their readers understand that the events at the cross echo the entire message of Psalm 22. For example, McCall notes that both Mat 27:27-31, 38-44 and Mark 15: 16-20, 25-32 tell of Jesus being mocked--a clear echo of Psa 22:6-8: 6 But I am a wor...

I heard a sermon recently on the topic of anger. The preacher said something quite profound: It has taken me many years to understand something that has melted away layers of pent-up anger: God likes me! Has the preacher fallen prey to pie-in-the-sky, wishful thinking? Is he right - does God actually like him? Here's another question - does God like you? The answer is of great importance. The preacher was relating his personal struggle with a performance-based religion that says God relates to us based on how well we are (or are not) doing. This legalistic view suggests that God is never quite pleased with us - even when we are on our best behavior. This is a common view of God as our judge (and a harsh one at that) - a God who is a sort of cosmic Santa Claus, "making a list and checking it twice, gonna find out who's naughty or nice." One could hardly view this sort of God as liking us . However, the God revealed to us in the person and work of Jesus Chri...

As important as it is to understand trinitarian theology (orthodoxy), it is even more important to live the trinitarian life (orthopraxis). Note the words of Catherine Mower LaCugna in  God for Us: The Trinity and Christian Life : The doctrine of the Trinity is orthodoxy, right perception of God, and it calls for orthopraxis, right response to the glory of God. Jesus Christ and the Spirit are the standard for both orthodoxy and orthopraxis. Jesus Christ’s life and death, words and deeds, knowledge and love of God are normative for Christians. The power of God’s Spirit to convert the hardened heart and make the blind see is essential both for right worship, right knowledge, and right love....  The doctrine [of the Trinity] succeeds when it illuminates God’s nearness to us in Christ and the Spirit. But it fails if the divine persons are imprisoned in an intradivine realm, or if the doctrine of the Trinity is relegated to a purely formal place in speculative theology. I...

This post continues the series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Tom McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  1 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 . Last time  we saw how McCall shows that Jesus' cry of dereliction on the cross ("my God, my God, why have you forsaken me"), cannot be taken as indicating that the Father separated himself from his Son. McCall uses several arguments to debunk this wrong-headed (though popular) notion. In this post we'll look at two. First, McCall argues on the basis of God's own essential (and inseparable) triune nature. He quotes Bruce D. Marshall: God the Son can be truly Fatherless only if God the Father has genuinely given up whatever is necessary for his paternal relationship with his Son... The person of the Father is inseparable from the act of generation by which he eternally brings forth the Son. Without this act of genera...

This blog often receives questions about Old Testament (OT) passages that seem to portray God in a way quite different than he is portrayed in the New Testament. In exegeting such passages, it is important to remember that OT references to God are not the full revelation of his being. That revelation comes only in the person and work of Jesus Christ. However, God did reveal something of his essential nature to Israel - a revelation recorded in the OT. Notable is God's self-disclosure in Ex 34:1-35. Let's note some key points. Having broken the stone tablets containing the Decalogue, Moses is directed by the LORD to make replacement tablets, so that God might restore his people to their covenant commitments, and thus to fellowship with him. Notice Ex 34:1-9: 1 The LORD said to Moses, "Chisel out two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. 2 Be ready in the morning, and then come up on Mount...

This post begins a series exploring the book  Forsaken (The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters)  by  Thomas McCall . For other posts in the series, click a number:  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  8 . For a related post that looks at this topic through the eyes of multiple theologians, click here . Several years ago, I took Dr. McCall's class on the doctrine of God at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. The primary focus was the doctrine of the Trinity, and a primary text was   The Christian Doctrine of God (One Being, Three Persons)   by Thomas F. Torrance. The class included thought-provoking discussions concerning various (and sometimes competing) theological perspectives on the Trinity. These discussions reinforced in my mind the importance of understanding the historic (Nicaean) roots of the Trinity doctrine - roots reflected in the aforementioned book and unpacked by Torrance in  The Trinitarian Faith  ...

Some see theology as an unnecessary, "high brow" distraction. They ask, Why do I need to study theology? The video embedded below (titled Theology Matters ) offers a helpful answer (you can also view the video at  http://youtu.be/A2DUKPUKgAI ).

When Jesus had spoken these words, he lifted up his eyes to heaven and said, “Father, the hour has come; glorify thy Son that the Son may glorify thee, since thou has given him power over all flesh, to give eternal life to all who thou has given him. And this is eternal life, that they know thee the only true God, and Jesus who thou has sent.” (John 17:1-3) Glorified how? What came next was betrayal, arrest, suffering, crucifixion and death. There would be no resurrection, ascension or Pentecost without the cross. But we see in confidence that what Jesus began he completed, and He is the Author of our Salvation, and the Captain and Perfecter of faith. Wise teachers remind us that Jesus is the reason humanity exists—not the other way around—and that we only find out who we ourselves are after first discovering who Jesus is, and how he glorified (and continues to glorify) the Father. His suffering and death is tied to ours, and his joy and new life becomes ours, as we too learn to glo...

Holy Week and Easter Sunday are powerful reminders that our humanity is healed in the person of Christ who, through the Incarnation, is fully God and fully human. Note James B. (J.B.) Torrance's comment in Worship, Community and the Triune God of Grace:  We are not just healed through Christ, because of the work of Christ, but in and through Christ. Person and work must not be separated. That is why [the church] Fathers did not hesitate to say, as Edward Irving, the Scottish theologian in the early nineteenth century and Karl Barth in our own times have said, that Christ assumed "fallen humanity" (i.e., our humanity) that it might be turned back to God, in him by his sinless life in the Spirit, and through him in us. (p. 53)  What is at work in all of Jesus' life (including his death and resurrection) is a two-fold movement (relationship):  God-humanward and human-Godward, which constitutes the atonement (the "at-one-ment", or reconciliation) of God and hum...

Dietrich Bonhoeffer I'm reading Eric Metaxas' biography of Dietrich Bonhoeffer ( Bonhoeffer: Pastor, Martyr, Prophet, Spy: A Righteous Gentile Vs. The Third Reich ). It's a moving, thought-provoking story of a young man who came to view Holy Scripture, Christianity and his own life and calling to ministry through the lens of a Trinitarian, incarnational theology. This perspective was formed by encounters through many people (both theologians and pastors), including Trinitarian (dialectical) theologian Karl Barth. One of Bonhoeffer's principal contributions was working out the application of Trinitarian theology to the challenges of real life. The challenges he faced were those encountered in Germany leading up to and through World War II. His beloved country, including his beloved German Lutheran Church came under the evil influence of Hitler and his Nazi regime. Bonhoeffer was challenged to live out his theology in the midst of this terrible evil. Thus his theol...